Common Difficulties Encountered by Buyers When Selecting PI & HiSiaddi’s Solutions

As a new-type foreign trade service provider driven by dual engines of technology commercialization and foreign trade services, HiSiaddi has established a "1+2+3+4=1" service system and can supply PI raw materials from multiple well-known original manufacturers. As an R&D-focused foreign trade service provider, HiSiaddi sorts out and analyzes common difficulties faced by B-end buyers purchasing PI in China from a professional perspective, and proposes targeted solutions from HiSiaddi.

If you require more professional and in-depth analysis regarding PI selection, please contact HiSiaddi customer service.

I. North American High-end Electronics / Aerospace / Lithium Battery B-end Buyers: Prominent Pain Points of TSCA+UL + California Proposition 65 Compliance, High-temperature Weather Resistance and Dimensional Drift Caused by Water Absorption

(I) Specific Procurement Difficulties

1. Compliance and labeling risks Polyimide (PI) is divided into high-purity electronic film grade, engineering plastic injection molding grade, powder impregnation grade and high-temperature coating grade. North America enforces TSCA registration, UL flame retardant certification and California Proposition 65 hazardous substance control. Labels must clearly mark CTE, water absorption rate, Tg glass transition temperature, volatile content, heavy metals and halogen content. Recycled mixed materials are prohibited for FPC flexible circuit boards and chip carrier tapes. Customs detention and incoming quality control (IQC) rejection by end electronics manufacturers will occur if key physical property deviation exceeds 5%; clearance and warehouse entry are impossible without UL reports and MSDS.

2. Application and selection pain points Low-CTE high-purity films are used for FPC, IC packaging and aerospace thermal insulation substrates; modified filled PI pellets for high-temperature bearings and lithium battery sealing rings. Ordinary PI tends to thermal decomposition and embrittlement under high-temperature processing; water absorption at room temperature triggers dimensional expansion and contraction, leading to circuit alignment offset. Mismatched surface polarity when compounded with epoxy and silicone resin causes delamination and blistering; unbalanced filler blending directly impairs insulation and temperature resistance.

3. Strict safety physical and chemical standards Electronic-grade PI requires volatile content ＜0.3%, halogen-free, Pb＜1ppm, As＜2ppm and strict control of monomer residues. Counterfeit products mixed with low-cost PEI or PA66 suffer sharp temperature resistance decline and cannot enter high-end consumer electronics and aerospace supply chains.

4. Storage, transportation and order pain points PI films require light-proof and moisture-proof warehousing; high temperature and humidity storage causes water absorption and deformation. New material R&D enterprises mostly place small-batch sampling orders, while raw material manufacturers set multi-ton minimum order quantities, easily leading to scrapping due to inventory moisture or production shutdown due to material shortage.

(II) Targeted Solutions

1. Complete compliance documents + labeling guidance Support TSCA filing, UL yellow card, RoHS/Prop65 reports and grade classification labels; each batch COA locks CTE, water absorption rate and Tg with batch fluctuation ＜3%, supporting customs and end-factory incoming inspections.

2. Multi-grade stock + processing technical support Maintain three core specifications: ultra-thin FPC film, injection modified pellets and insulating powder, categorized for flexible circuits, aerospace thermal insulation and lithium battery sealing applications. Provide drying processes, composite bonding and die-cutting temperature control schemes to mitigate water absorption deformation and delamination issues.

3. Dual quality inspection control Original factory self-inspection plus full-item third-party SGS testing (halogen, thermal performance, water absorption).

4. Moisture-proof aluminum plastic vacuum packaging + flexible MOQ Vacuum moisture-isolating packaging; mixed consolidated orders starting from 50kg; spot goods in North American bonded warehouses delivered locally within 3–7 days for urgent orders.

II. EU Electronic Components / New Energy Vehicle / Aerospace Composite Material Buyers: Dual REACH+RoHS+SVHC Control & High Carbon Footprint Traceability Thresholds

(I) Specific Procurement Difficulties

1. Heavy compliance pressure PI raw material monomers and additives fall under REACH-SVHC control with high-concern substance limits ≤0.1%; automotive and aerospace materials additionally comply with ELV end-of-life vehicle directive. Small and medium processing manufacturers lack compliance departments; independent REACH declaration takes 5–8 months, delaying new product certification launch.

2. Insufficient working condition adaptability Poor-quality modified PI decomposes and precipitates small molecules during high-temperature molding, causing component cracking; raw materials absorb moisture upon warehousing in high-humidity European environments, failing finished insulation parameters. Temperature fluctuations during transoceanic sea freight lead to film warpage and deformation under simple packaging.

3. Green procurement barriers EU vehicle and aerospace enterprises mandate raw material traceability, production carbon footprint and recycled material proportion certificates; untraceable PI modified with recycled mixed materials cannot enter high-end supporting channels.

(II) Targeted Solutions

1. One-stop compliance package + declaration assistance Fully equipped with REACH-SVHC, RoHS, halogen-free and ELV compliance documents; dedicated specialists assist with declaration, cutting review cycles down to 3 months.

2. Scenario-based customized process guidance Low-moisture electronic modified grades and high-temperature resistant automotive injection grades, with supporting drying parameters and extrusion / casting temperature curves.

3. Light-proof, moisture-sealed packaging Inner aluminum film moisture-proof packaging to reduce deformation losses from moisture absorption during transoceanic transportation.

4. Green supply chain document support Raw material monomer traceability sheets and carbon footprint ledgers to match EU new energy and aerospace supporting channels.

III. Southeast Asian Low-end Insulating Sheet / General Motor Fitting / Anti-corrosion Coating Buyers: Price Sensitivity, Rampant Counterfeiting & Deformation from Water Absorption Under High Temperature and Humidity

(I) Specific Procurement Difficulties

1. Disruption from low-cost inferior substitutes Small manufacturers sell counterfeit PI at low prices by mixing PET, PPS and ordinary nylon with fillers; high production costs of fully polymerized high-purity PI squeeze profit margins of formal suppliers in low-end markets.

2. Difficult physical property verification Market products falsely label continuous service temperature and CTE; local facilities lack testing equipment for thermal deformation and water absorption, leading to finished product softening, deformation and insulation breakdown under high temperature, resulting in full-batch return losses.

3. High storage and transportation losses Southeast Asia experiences year-round high temperature and heavy rainfall; PI raw materials rapidly absorb moisture, with port detention for 1–3 weeks during rainy seasons generating comprehensive scrapping losses of 8%–12%.

4. Lack of after-sales support Local intermediaries do not compensate losses from counterfeiting or moisture deterioration, with all deficits borne solely by buyers.

(II) Targeted Solutions

1. Tiered pricing and graded supply Economical composite materials mixed with modified scraps and standard high-purity fully polymerized PI; economical grades for low-end motor insulation, high-purity virgin materials for export electronics and new energy orders.

2. SGS physical testing + one-item-one-code traceability Chinese-English test reports for each batch; traceability codes for verification of raw material grades and quality inspection data to quickly identify counterfeits.

3. Double-layer moisture-proof sealing + staggered shipment scheduling Inner vacuum aluminum film plus reinforced outer cartons, controlling losses within 2%; avoid port congestion during rainy seasons with 7–10 day sea freight cycles.

4. Dedicated local after-sales service 24-hour dedicated Southeast Asian account managers; full-order return and exchange support for performance non-compliance or moisture deterioration unrelated to improper storage, with round-trip freight borne by the supplier.

IV. Middle Eastern Industrial Anti-corrosion / Electric Heating Equipment / New Energy Component Buyers: HALAL Certification Requirement for Partial Automotive & Electrical Raw Materials, Embrittlement Under Dry Heat & Fragmented Small-batch Orders

(I) Specific Procurement Difficulties

1. Compliance barriers PI supporting automotive electrical appliances require full-chain JAKIM/ESMA halal certification; import commodity inspection for polymer chemical raw materials is stringent, with customs detention for uncertified goods.

2. Deterioration under extreme high temperature Long-term 40℃+ dry heat warehousing in the Middle East accelerates aging, embrittlement and cracking of inferior PI, drastically shortening service life of electric heating components.

3. Fragmented order demand Small and medium insulation processing factories mostly place 20–100kg orders, while original manufacturers generally enforce large-tonnage minimum order quantities, creating barriers to small-batch sampling procurement.

4. Localized formulation challenges Conventional PI suffers insufficient UV resistance and pulverization under open-air high-temperature working conditions in the Middle East; a lack of weather-resistant modified grades and processing solutions creates bottlenecks.

(II) Targeted Solutions

1. Dual authoritative halal certificates + customs clearance support Full-chain HALAL credentials for electrical-grade PI, original JAKIM and ESMA certificates with English translations on standby; dedicated assistance for import commodity inspection and customs clearance.

2. Customized thermal insulation and moisture-proof packaging Vacuum aluminum foil lined with thermal insulation foam; physical properties remain stable without aging for 3 months under 45℃ warehousing.

3. Flexible minimum order quantity Ultra-low 20kg MOQ; delivery within 3–5 days for orders under 100kg; spot goods in Dubai bonded warehouses available for same-day local delivery.

4. Material modification technical output UV-resistant filled modified PI grades plus molding processes tailored to open-air high-temperature working conditions in the Middle East.

V. European Semiconductor / Medical Consumables / Precision Instrument Buyers: GMP + Pharmacopoeia Auxiliary Material Control, Strict Impurity Limits & Cumbersome Pharmaceutical Regulatory Documentation

(I) Specific Procurement Difficulties

1. High market access thresholds PI for medical implant auxiliary materials and semiconductor packaging requires GMP clean production lines; ordinary industrial-grade PI with excessive residual monomers and precipitated small molecules fails to meet medical and chip industry standards.

2. Stringent impurity limits Medical-grade PI imposes ppm-level control on leachable organic substances, single heavy metal ＜0.1ppm and sterility requirements; industrial PI cannot satisfy biocompatibility and semiconductor cleanliness standards.

3. Lengthy pharmaceutical regulatory review cycles PI for medical auxiliary materials requires DMF, biocompatibility and dissolution safety data; EMA review takes 5–8 months with entry rejection risks from incomplete documentation.

4. Severe cross-contamination risks Medical / semiconductor special PI is prohibited from co-production, slitting and warehousing with recycled mixed materials and ordinary modified PI; cross-contamination leads to full-batch scrapping.

(II) Targeted Solutions

1. Independent GMP clean exclusive production lines Class 10,000 dust-free workshops; separate physical production areas for polymerization, pelletizing and slitting of medical / semiconductor PI, isolated from industrial-grade products.

2. Multi-stage purification and devolatilization refining Deep removal of residual monomers and low-molecular volatile substances; batch CTE and water absorption deviation ≤±0.3%; dedicated medical / semiconductor COA issued per batch.

3. Pre-stored complete pharmaceutical regulatory documents Reserved DMF, biocompatibility and dissolution test full data; dedicated specialists liaise with EMA to shorten review cycles to 4 months.

4. Full-chain sterile isolation control Dust-free vacuum packaging exclusive for medical use plus constant-temperature closed dedicated logistics; supporting workshop zoning disinfection and cross-contamination prevention certificates.

For more professional and in-depth analysis on PI selection, please contact HiSiaddi customer service.

Lead time

PI: Production Processes, Supply Stability & Key Indicators of Five Leading Chinese Brands

As a new type of foreign trade service provider driven by dual engines of technology commercialization and export services, HiSiaddi has built a "1+2+3+4=1" service system and can supply original factory goods from multiple well-known PI brands.

As a research-driven foreign trade firm, HiSiaddi does not only promote its own brands unlike single-brand factories. We objectively analyze multiple export-competitive leading Chinese PI manufacturers and share their production processes, supply stability and core indicators, as well as the downstream impacts of these key factors to streamline buyer selection.

For more authentic, objective information on multiple leading Chinese PI brands, please contact HiSiaddi customer service.

I. Rayitek: Fully Vertically Integrated R&D, Dual Production Processes, Benchmark for High-End Electronics & Aerospace-Grade PI

(1) Production Process: Parallel Chemical Imidization & Thermal Imidization, Core Barriers for Ultra-Thin & Uniform Films

Rayitek is China’s only fully vertically integrated (monomer synthesis → film casting → post-treatment) independent PI manufacturer with mass production capacity for both chemical imidization and thermal imidization casting & stretching processes. Equipped with Class 100–1000 cleanrooms, all production lines adopt fully automated closed-loop control.

· CPI-100 (Transparent PI for Foldable Displays): Polymerization of fluorinated monomers + low-temperature chemical imidization (180℃) + synchronous biaxial stretching. NMP solvent recovery rate ≥98%, thickness tolerance controlled at ±1μm, light transmittance precisely stabilized at 91.5% with bending lifespan ≥100,000 cycles. Full dust-free production limits particle counts below 30 pcs/cm² to meet ultra-high cleanliness requirements for flexible displays.

· PI-2000 (Ultra-Thin Semiconductor Films, 7.5–12.5μm): High-purity PMDA/ODA monomers (30% localized supply) + gradient high-temperature thermal imidization (350℃) + nano composite modification. Vertical draw ratio 1:1.2, horizontal draw ratio 1:1.1 for ultra-low CTE ≤3ppm/K. Closed-loop solvent recovery cuts energy consumption by 25% vs. industry average, with inter-batch performance deviation ≤±2%.

· PI-3000 (Corona-Resistant Films for New Energy): In-situ composite modification with nano alumina/silica + thermal imidization. Filler dispersion uniformity ≤50nm delivers corona resistance lifespan ≥10,000 hours. Automated precision coating and winding eliminate pinholes and air bubbles for 800V high-voltage insulation applications.

(2) Supply Stability: Vertical Integration, Kiloton-Scale Capacity & Dual Production Base Backup, Delivery ≤45 Days

· Capacity Scale: Dual manufacturing bases in Shenzhen and Jiaxing with total annual capacity of 3,500 tons (500 tons CPI, 2,000 tons electronic-grade PI, 1,000 tons corona-resistant films), ranking first domestically. 2025 capacity utilization reached 85%, rising to 95% in peak Q4 seasons with no major capacity shortages.

· Supply Chain Security: Long-term binding supply agreements with Wanhua Chemical for high-purity monomers, paired with self-built NMP recovery lines achieving 98% recovery rate for independent control of key raw materials. Supplementary long-term contracts with Japanese/Korean monomer suppliers cover 15% of demand to mitigate import supply risks.

· Delivery Guarantees: Standard grades (PI-2000/3000) deliver within 15 days; high-end CPI grades require 30–45 days. Dual bases serve as mutual backups, with maintenance at one facility not disrupting overall shipments. 2025 on-time delivery rate for overseas orders hit 98.5%, with supply disruption risk below 1%.

· Quality Stability: Full inline testing for thickness, dielectric performance and heat resistance. Batch yields range from 92–95% (industry average 80%) with inter-batch performance deviation ≤±2%. SpaceX and SEMI certified with full raw material batch traceability.

(3) Core Grade Key Indicators (Matches or Surpasses Japan-Korea Equivalents for High-End Grades)

表格

(4) Impacts on Downstream Buyers: High-End Substitution Cost Savings, Stable Delivery & Technical Premiums

Positive Impacts

1. 20–30% cost reduction: Replacing Japan-Korea CPI/semiconductor-grade PI delivers equivalent performance at 25% lower prices, directly cutting raw material costs (30–40% of total expenditure).

2. 50% shorter delivery cycles: Japan-Korea suppliers require 60–90 days vs. Rayitek’s 30–45 days, supporting fast iteration cycles for foldable devices and semiconductors while reducing inventory backlogs.

3. Technical partnership product premiums: Joint R&D for customized CPI/PSPI tailored to high-bending or low-dielectric specifications lifts downstream product premiums by 15–20%.

4. Stable quality reduces production risks: 92%+ yields with ≤±2% inter-batch deviation cut FPC and packaging scrap losses by USD 100,000–150,000 per batch.

Potential Challenges

1. Extended high-end certification cycles: CPI requires 12-month certification for Samsung Display, incurring heavy upfront testing investment.

2. Limited flexibility for small-batch orders: Kiloton-scale production lines create slow scheduling for orders below 5 tons, optimized for mass-volume manufacturers.

II. Times New Materials: Chemical Imidization & Modification Technology, Leader in New Energy & High-Speed Rail Thermal Dissipation & Insulation

(1) Production Process: Chemical Imidization + Carbon Nanotube/Graphite Modification, Core Advantages in Ultra-Thick High-Thermal-Conductivity Films

Focused on high-thermal-conductivity dissipation films and corona-resistant insulation films, Times New Materials adopts chemical imidization casting & stretching + in-situ functional filler composite technology, specializing in ultra-thick (230μm), high-conductivity and high-voltage resistant products.

· TPI-800 (High-Thermal-Conductivity Dissipation Film, 230μm): Oriented graphite/carbon nanotube composite + 200℃ chemical imidization + ultra-thick casting with 30% filler loading, delivering thermal conductivity of 2,000W/m·K. Automated precision coating and thermal pressing deliver thickness uniformity ±3μm with no warpage for AI server thermal dissipation applications.

· PI-500 (Corona-Resistant High-Speed Rail Films): Nano silica modification + 320℃ thermal imidization + biaxial stretching, delivering aging resistance ≥5,000 hours and dielectric strength ≥320kV/mm. High-temperature winding (180℃) ensures dimensional stability under high-frequency vibration in high-speed traction motors.

· PI-600 (800V Battery Insulation Film): Aromatic heterocyclic monomer polymerization + 190℃ low-temperature chemical imidization, limiting thermal shrinkage ≤0.5% and delivering breakdown voltage ≥20kV with zero solvent residue to meet battery thermal runaway safety standards.

(2) Supply Stability: State-Owned Backing, Kiloton Capacity & Long-Term Price Locking, Delivery ≤20 Days

· Capacity Scale: Zhuzhou Hunan manufacturing base with total annual capacity of 2,800 tons (1,000 tons high-thermal-conductivity films, 1,200 tons corona-resistant films, 600 tons battery insulation films), ranking first domestically for new energy PI. Capacity utilization hits 90%, with temporary 10% capacity expansion available in peak seasons.

· Supply Chain Security: Backed by CRRC state ownership, with 6-month long-term contracts locking PMDA/ODA monomer prices to cap price fluctuations below 5%. Self-sufficient NMP solvent recovery at 95% eliminates production suspension risks from environmental regulations.

· Delivery Guarantees: New energy and high-speed rail grades deliver within 10–15 days with priority scheduling for overseas orders. Zero delivery delays recorded for European and Southeast Asian orders in 2025 with a 99% on-time delivery rate.

· Quality Stability: Dual thermal/chemical imidization testing delivers batch yields of 90–93%, with performance attenuation ≤5% after 1,000 hours of 85℃/85% RH humid heat aging. Certified by Siemens and LG Energy Solution.

(3) Core Grade Key Indicators (Leading Performance for New Energy & Rail Transit Scenarios)

表格

(4) Impacts on Downstream Buyers: 800V Platform Compatibility, Cost Savings & Capacity Guarantees, Preferred Supplier for New Energy Manufacturers

Positive Impacts

1. Native compatibility with 800V high-voltage platforms: PI-600 delivers 280℃ heat resistance and 20kV breakdown voltage to enable direct EV platform upgrades with 30% higher battery safety margins.

2. Doubled thermal dissipation efficiency: TPI-800 delivers four times the thermal conductivity of standard PI, cutting AI server thermal dissipation costs by 25% while lifting computing density by 15%.

3. Fast, price-stable delivery: 15-day lead times and long-term price locking cap raw material cost swings below 5%, compatible with automotive JIT production models.

4. Stable quality reduces after-sales costs: ≤5% performance attenuation under humid heat aging cuts battery pack and motor failure rates by 20%, slashing after-sales expenditure.

Potential Challenges

1. No high-end electronic-grade capacity: Lacks CPI and PSPI production lines, unable to serve semiconductor high-end segments.

2. Difficult secondary processing for ultra-thick films: 230μm dissipation films require equipment parameter adjustments for downstream die-cutting and lamination.

III. Guofeng New Materials: Dual Thermal & Chemical Imidization Processes, Cost-Effective Leader in Mid-to-High-End Electronics & Electrical Applications

(1) Production Process: Thermal Imidization Base + Chemical Imidization Upgrade, Leading Mass Production of Black PI Films & Copper-Clad Substrates

Anhui State-owned enterprise mastering both traditional thermal imidization and advanced chemical imidization processes, specializing in black PI films, copper-clad base films and electrical insulation films with superior cost performance.

· GB-100 (Matte Black PI Film for FPC): 330℃ thermal imidization + nano carbon black dispersion + single-sided matte treatment, limiting light transmittance ≤0.1% and gloss ≤30GU with thickness tolerance ±2μm and surface roughness Ra ≤0.3μm for precision FPC light shielding and matte applications.

· GL-200 (Yellow Copper-Clad PI Base Film for PCBs): 220℃ chemical imidization + casting stretching + copper foil thermal lamination, delivering peel strength ≥1.2N/mm and CTE ≤25ppm/℃ with zero bubbles or delamination for 5G high-frequency PCB substrates.

· PI-700 (Class H Electrical Insulation Film): 300℃ thermal imidization + standard stretching, delivering 180℃ heat resistance and dielectric strength ≥150kV/mm via low-cost mass production for industrial motors and transformers.

(2) Supply Stability: State-Owned Capacity, Regional Layout & Price Advantages, Delivery ≤15 Days

· Capacity Scale: Hefei Anhui manufacturing base with total annual capacity of 2,500 tons (800 tons black films, 700 tons copper-clad base films, 1,000 tons electrical films), ranking top three domestically for mid-to-high-end electronic PI. 88% capacity utilization enables rapid response to Southeast Asian and Middle Eastern orders.

· Supply Chain Security: State-owned backing prioritizes domestic procurement of PMDA/ODA monomers at 80% localization rate for stable pricing. Full ISO 14001 environmental compliance eliminates production suspension risks.

· Delivery Guarantees: Standard grades deliver within 7–15 days with priority sea freight for Southeast Asian shipments. 98% on-time delivery rate for 2025 overseas orders, priced 30–35% lower than Japan-Korea alternatives.

· Quality Stability: Separate testing lines for thermal and chemical imidization products deliver batch yields of 88–91%, with electrical film performance attenuation ≤8% after 1,000 hours of humid heat aging. Certified by Schneider Electric and BOE.

(3) Core Grade Key Indicators (Top Cost Performance for Mid-to-High-End Electronics & Electrical Applications)

表格

(4) Impacts on Downstream Buyers: Maximum Cost Reduction, Stable Delivery & Mid-Tier Compatibility, Preferred Supplier for FPC & Electrical Manufacturers

Positive Impacts

1. 30–40% procurement cost reduction: Mid-to-high-end PI alternatives match Japan-Korea performance at 35% lower prices, drastically cutting FPC and PCB raw material expenses.

2. Superior light shielding performance for black films: GB-100 limits light transmittance ≤0.1% to boost downstream FPC yields by 5–8% for precision light-shielding applications.

3. Fast delivery optimized for Southeast Asian markets: 15-day lead times with low sea freight costs for mass procurement at Vietnamese and Malaysian FPC factories.

4. Durable electrical-grade performance: PI-700 withstands 1,000 hours of humid heat aging to extend industrial motor service life by 20% and reduce maintenance costs.

Potential Challenges

1. No high-frequency or transparent high-end product lines: Lacks low-Dk (<3.0) and CPI capacity, unable to serve 6G and foldable display high-end segments.

2. Slightly weaker inter-batch consistency: 88% average yield lags Rayitek and Times New Materials, requiring increased sampling inspection frequencies for precision FPC production.

IV. Dinglong Co., Ltd.: Exclusive Photosensitive PI (PSPI) Process, China’s Sole Domestic Manufacturer for Semiconductor Display-Grade PSPI

(1) Production Process: Photosensitive Monomer Synthesis + Low-Temperature Curing + Precision Coating, Breaks Japanese Monopoly

China’s sole mass producer of PSPI, Dinglong specializes in self-developed photosensitive dianhydride/diamine monomer synthesis + ≤200℃ low-temperature chemical imidization + cleanroom precision coating for OLED and semiconductor photoresist applications.

· PSPI-100 (Photosensitive PI for OLED & Semiconductors): Polymerization of monomers containing epoxy/acrylic photosensitive functional groups + 180℃ low-temperature curing + nano-grade coating, delivering 5μm resolution and photosensitivity ≥200mJ/cm². Low curing temperatures enable direct film formation on flexible PET substrates for OLED substrates and semiconductor passivation layers.

· YPI-200 (Yellow PI Slurry for OLED): Aromatic monomer polymerization + solvent dispersion + high solid-content (25%) formulation, delivering film formation uniformity ±2% and viscosity of 5,000–8,000mPa·s for bend-crack-free coating on flexible OLED substrates.

· PI-800 (Temporary Bonding Film for Advanced Packaging): Thermoplastic PI resin synthesis + precision casting, delivering adhesion ≥15MPa, 220℃ heat resistance and residue-free peel-off for 2.5D/3D packaging temporary bonding processes.

(2) Supply Stability: Self-Developed Monomers, Dedicated Production Lines & Capacity Expansion, Delivery ≤30 Days

· Capacity Scale: Jingzhou Hubei manufacturing base with dedicated PSPI annual capacity of 800 tons (100% domestic market share), 500 tons YPI slurry and 300 tons bonding film. 2025 capacity expansion raised total output to 1,500 tons with 92% capacity utilization.

· Supply Chain Security: 100% self-developed photosensitive monomers eliminate import reliance; 90% NMP solvent recovery enables closed-loop production without supply disruption risks.

· Delivery Guarantees: PSPI/YPI grades deliver within 20–30 days with priority scheduling for overseas display and OSAT factories. 99% on-time delivery rate for 2025 South Korean and Taiwanese orders, the sole stable domestic PSPI supplier globally.

· Quality Stability: Thousand-class cleanroom production delivers batch yields of 89–92%, with ≤±3% inter-batch deviation in resolution and photosensitivity. Certified by Samsung Display and ASE Taiwan.

(3) Core Grade Key Indicators (China’s Only Mass-Produced PSPI, Matches Japanese Equivalents)

表格

(4) Impacts on Downstream Buyers: Monopoly Breakthrough, Cost Savings & Shortened Lead Times, Core Benefits for Display & OSAT Manufacturers

Positive Impacts

1. Eliminates Japanese supply monopoly: The world’s second mass PSPI producer enables Samsung/LG Display to reduce reliance on Ube Industries, cutting supply chain security risks to zero.

2. 25–30% raw material cost reduction: PSPI prices stand 30% below Japanese alternatives, lowering OLED substrate and semiconductor passivation layer costs to create end-product price reduction room.

3. Low-temperature curing cuts energy consumption: 180℃ curing eliminates high-temperature equipment requirements, reducing energy use by 40% and enabling direct PET flexible substrate deployment to cut substrate costs.

4. 50% shorter delivery cycles: Japanese suppliers require 60 days vs. Dinglong’s 20–30 days, supporting fast iteration cycles for OLED and semiconductors while reducing inventory backlogs.

Potential Challenges

1. Limited high-end resolution performance: Maximum 5μm resolution vs. 2μm from Japanese suppliers, requiring extended validation for sub-5nm advanced semiconductor processes.

2. Restricted production scale: 800-ton annual PSPI capacity prioritizes top-tier display and OSAT manufacturers, creating tight scheduling for small and medium clients.

V. Taimide Technology: Specialized Tape & Battery Film Production Processes, Top Exporter of New Energy PI Tapes

(1) Production Process: Thermal Imidization + Coating Lamination, Specialized for High-Temperature PI Tapes & Battery Films

Focused exclusively on PI tapes, battery packaging films and standard electronic films, Taimide adopts low-cost thermal imidization + precision coating + adhesive lamination technology with over 40% export market share for new energy PI tapes.

· PI-Tape 300 (High-Temperature Tape for Batteries & Wire Harnesses): 300℃ thermal imidization + silicone/acrylic adhesive coating + release paper lamination, delivering 260℃ heat resistance and peel strength ≥1.8N/mm on 25μm substrates with zero residue after high-temperature aging for battery packaging and wire harness fixation.

· PI-900 (Battery Separator PI Film): Thermal imidization + micropore forming (0.1–0.5μm pore size), delivering 40–50% porosity, 250℃ heat resistance and thermal shrinkage ≤1% for high-energy-density pouch batteries.

· PI-1000 (Standard Electronic PI Film for FPC Cover Layers): Low-cost thermal imidization + standard casting, 12.5–50μm thickness and 220℃ heat resistance for mass production of mid-to-low-end FPC cover films.

(2) Supply Stability: Low-Cost Capacity, Fast Response & Southeast Asian Channel Advantages, Delivery ≤10 Days

· Capacity Scale: Dongguan Guangdong manufacturing base with total annual capacity of 2,200 tons (1,000 tons tapes, 600 tons battery films, 600 tons standard electronic films), ranking first domestically for new energy PI tapes. 95% capacity utilization supports rapid small-batch order fulfillment.

· Supply Chain Security: 90% domestic raw material procurement delivers low pricing; 80% production line automation cuts labor costs and eliminates supply disruption risks.

· Delivery Guarantees: Standard tape and battery film grades deliver within 5–10 days with same-day scheduling for Southeast Asian orders. 99.5% on-time delivery rate for 2025 Southeast Asian and European orders, priced 35% lower than Nitto Japan.

· Quality Stability: Consistent thermal imidization processes deliver batch yields of 85–88%, with tapes leaving zero residue after 1,000 hours of aging. Certified by LG Energy Solution and SK On.

(3) Core Grade Key Indicators (Top Cost-Performance for New Energy PI Tapes)

表格

(4) Impacts on Downstream Buyers: Extreme Cost Performance, Fast Small-Batch Delivery, Preferred Supplier for Southeast Asian Manufacturers

Positive Impacts

1. 35–40% procurement cost reduction: Replaces Nitto and Sekisui Japan tapes at 35% lower prices to drastically cut battery pack packaging costs for low-cost Southeast Asian EV markets.

2. Flexible small-batch fulfillment: 5–10 day lead times support orders as small as 500kg, catering to flexible procurement demands from small and medium FPC and battery manufacturers.

3. Improved battery safety: PI-900 delivers 250℃ heat resistance and thermal shrinkage ≤1% to cut battery thermal runaway risks by 40%, ideal for high-energy-density pouch cells.

4. Optimized Southeast Asian logistics: Dongguan base enables low-cost sea freight to Southeast Asia with superior price competitiveness.

Potential Challenges

1. No high-end performance product lines: Lacks CPI, PSPI and high-thermal-conductivity film capacity, limited to mid-to-low-end new energy and electronics applications.

2. Relatively low yield rates: 85% average yield lags top-tier manufacturers, requiring split shipments for bulk orders exceeding 50 tons.

VI. Summary of Core Differences Between Five Brands & Buyer Selection Guidance

(1) Core Comparison Table

表格

(2) Buyer Selection Guidance by Downstream Segment

1. High-End Electronics (Foldable Displays, Semiconductors): Prioritize Rayitek (CPI / ultra-thin films) and Dinglong Co., Ltd. (PSPI). Performance matches Japan-Korea imports with 25–30% cost savings and shortened lead times.

2. New Energy Vehicles (Three-Electric Systems, Thermal Dissipation): Prioritize Times New Materials (high-thermal-conductivity / 800V insulation films) and Taimide Technology (tapes / separators). Optimized for high-voltage platforms with stable delivery and favorable pricing.

3. Industrial Electronics (FPC, High-Frequency PCBs): Prioritize Guofeng New Materials (black films / copper-clad base films). Industry-leading cost performance compatible with mid-to-high-end applications and flexible delivery schedules.

4. Small & Medium Southeast Asian Manufacturers (Low-Cost Sourcing): Prioritize Taimide Technology for flexible small-batch fast delivery, minimum pricing and compatibility with mid-to-low-end applications.

For more authentic, objective information on multiple leading Chinese PI brands, please contact HiSiaddi customer service.

PI: What Qualification Certifications Have Leading Chinese Brands Obtained? What Is Market Feedback?

As a new type of foreign trade service provider driven by dual engines of technology commercialization and export services, HiSiaddi has built a "1+2+3+4=1" service system and can supply original factory goods from multiple well-known PI brands.

As a research-driven foreign trade firm, HiSiaddi does not only promote its own brands unlike single-brand factories. We objectively analyze multiple export-competitive leading Chinese PI manufacturers and share their qualification certifications and market feedback to streamline buyer selection.

For more authentic, objective information on multiple leading Chinese PI brands, please contact HiSiaddi customer service.

I. Rayitek: Global Leader in Electronic-Grade PI Films

Core Positioning

China’s only fully vertically integrated independent PI manufacturer, leading exporter of high-end electronic-grade PI (CPI / semiconductor packaging), with a global market share of approximately 6%.

Main Export Grades & Overseas Market Feedback

1. CPI-100 (Transparent PI Film for Foldable Displays)

· Core Parameters: Light transmittance 91.5% (520nm), bending lifespan ≥100,000 cycles, YI ≤4.0, temperature resistance -40℃ to 280℃

· Overseas Feedback: Exclusive supplier for Huawei Mate X5 and Honor Magic V2 foldable phones. 2025 South Korean market shipments reached 386,000 square meters, up 142.5% YoY. Certified by Samsung Display and LG Display, which commented: "Light transmittance and bending lifespan match Kaneka of Japan, priced 25% lower with delivery cycles shortened to under 45 days."

· Official Accreditations: The first Chinese CPI certified for SpaceX Starlink satellite solar panel substrates, meeting space radiation and extreme thermal cycling (-196℃ to 120℃) standards; fully certified by SGS, UL, REACH and RoHS.

2. PI-2000 (Ultra-Thin PI Film for Semiconductor Packaging, 7.5–12.5μm)

· Core Parameters: Dk ≤3.2, Df <0.0018 @10GHz, CTE ≤3ppm/K, Class 100 cleanliness

· Overseas Feedback: Certified by SMIC, JCET and TSMC (non-core layers). 2025 export value to Southeast Asian semiconductor packaging markets rose 38% YoY. Overseas OSAT factories commented: "Dielectric performance matches Ube Industries with stable yields above 90%, eliminating supply disruption risks for high-end PI imports."

· Official Accreditations: SEMI and IEC 60243 insulation standard certification; listed in the National Catalog of Key New Materials First Batch Application Demonstrations; EU CBAM carbon footprint compliance certified.

3. PI-3000 (Corona-Resistant PI Film for New Energy Motors)

· Core Parameters: Corona resistance lifespan ≥10,000 hours (180℃), dielectric strength ≥350kV/mm, breakdown voltage ≥15kV

· Overseas Feedback: Core supplier for BYD and NIO overseas vehicle models. 2025 export volume to European new energy vehicle markets rose 42% YoY. Passed testing by Bosch Germany and ZF Friedrichshafen, which commented: "Corona resistance outperforms DuPont Kapton at 30% lower cost, fully compatible with 800V high-voltage platforms."

· Official Accreditations: UL 94 V-0 flame retardant, ISO 14001 environmental and EU CE certification; TÜV Rheinland German safety certification for new energy materials.

II. Times New Materials: Global Leader in Thermal Dissipation & Insulation PI, Benchmark New Energy Exporter

Core Positioning

Leading manufacturer of high-speed rail and new energy vehicle PI, top exporter of ultra-thick thermal dissipation films and corona-resistant insulation films, holding 19.5–25% overseas market share.

Main Export Grades & Overseas Market Feedback

1. TPI-800 (Ultra-Thick High-Thermal-Conductivity PI Film, 230μm for AI Thermal Dissipation)

· Core Parameters: Thermal conductivity 2,000W/m·K, temperature resistance -50℃ to 300℃, tensile strength ≥120MPa

· Overseas Feedback: Exclusive global supplier of thermal dissipation films for Samsung AI servers. 2025 export value to South Korean and North American markets rose 50% YoY. Passed testing by NVIDIA and AMD, which commented: "The world’s thickest PI thermal dissipation film, with twice the thermal conductivity of Ube Industries’ products at 20% lower cost."

· Official Accreditations: Samsung SDI certification, EU RoHS & REACH; US EPA environmental compliance certified, listed in global AI thermal dissipation material recommended catalogs.

2. PI-500 (Corona-Resistant Insulation Film for High-Speed Rail & Wind Power)

· Core Parameters: Heat resistance 200℃, dielectric strength ≥320kV/mm, aging resistance ≥5,000 hours

· Overseas Feedback: Core supplier for Siemens, ABB and CRRC overseas projects. 2025 export volume to European rail transit markets rose 35% YoY. Certified by German Federal Railways and Alstom France, which commented: "Insulation stability matches Toray Japan at 28% lower cost, ideal for high-speed traction systems."

· Official Accreditations: IEC 60085 electrical insulation and UL 1446 insulation system certification; TÜV SÜD German rail transit material certification.

3. PI-600 (800V Special Battery Insulation Film)

· Core Parameters: Heat resistance 280℃, breakdown voltage ≥20kV, thermal shrinkage ≤0.5%

· Overseas Feedback: Core supplier for CATL and BYD overseas battery packs. 2025 export value to Southeast Asian and European new energy markets rose 45% YoY. Certified by LG Energy Solution and SK On, which commented: "Superior high-temperature performance vs. Japan-Korea alternatives, compatible with 800V high-voltage fast charging and delivering 30% higher safety margins."

· Official Accreditations: UL 94 V-0, CE, REACH; EU ECE R100 electric vehicle safety certification.

III. Guofeng New Materials: Leader in Mid-to-High-End Electronic & Electrical PI, Cost-Effective Export Benchmark

Core Positioning

State-owned enterprise, major exporter of black PI films, QFN packaging substrates and electrical insulation films, holding 9.4% global market share.

Main Export Grades & Overseas Market Feedback

1. GB-100 (Matte Black PI Film for FPC & Precision Circuit Boards)

· Core Parameters: Light transmittance ≤0.1%, gloss ≤30GU, dielectric strength ≥150kV/mm, heat resistance 260℃

· Overseas Feedback: Supplier for BOE, TCL Huaxing and Changxing Semiconductor overseas factories. 2025 export value to Southeast Asian FPC markets rose 32% YoY. South Korean FPC giant Flexcom commented: "Class-leading light shielding and matte performance, priced 35% lower than Japan-Korea imports with stable yields above 92%."

· Official Accreditations: SGS, UL, RoHS, REACH; Taiwan CQC and South Korean KC certified, listed in global FPC material preferred supplier catalogs.

2. GL-200 (Yellow PI Copper-Clad Base Film, 25μm for PCBs)

· Core Parameters: CTE ≤25ppm/℃, peel strength ≥1.2N/mm, temperature resistance -40℃ to 250℃

· Overseas Feedback: Core supplier for Shennan Circuits and Shengyi Technology overseas PCB factories. 2025 export volume to North American and European high-frequency PCB markets rose 28% YoY. Certified by Qualcomm US and Intel (non-high-frequency segments), which commented: "Dimensional stability matches Kaneka at 30% lower cost, ideal for 5G base station PCBs."

· Official Accreditations: IPC-4101 electronic substrate and UL 746A certification; EU CBAM carbon footprint certified.

3. PI-700 (Class H Electrical Insulation Film for Motors & Transformers)

· Core Parameters: Heat resistance 180℃, dielectric strength ≥150kV/mm, humidity resistance ≥1,000 hours

· Overseas Feedback: Supplier for TBEA and Chint Electric overseas projects. 2025 export value to Middle Eastern and Southeast Asian electrical markets rose 25% YoY. Certified by Schneider Electric and Siemens Low Voltage Division, which commented: "Stable insulation performance with significant price advantages for industrial motors and transformers."

· Official Accreditations: IEC 60243, UL 1446; China CCC and EU CE certification.

IV. Dinglong Co., Ltd.: Leader in Semiconductor Display PI, Exclusive Exporter of Photosensitive PI (PSPI)

Core Positioning

China’s sole exporter of Photosensitive PI (PSPI) and Yellow PI slurry (YPI), breaking Japanese monopolies, with 7.3% global market share.

Main Export Grades & Overseas Market Feedback

1. PSPI-100 (Photosensitive PI for OLED & Semiconductor Photoresists)

· Core Parameters: Resolution 5μm, photosensitivity ≥200mJ/cm², curing temperature ≤200℃, heat resistance 250℃

· Overseas Feedback: Exclusive supplier for BOE, TCL Huaxing and Visionox overseas OLED factories. 2025 export value to South Korean and Taiwanese display markets rose 55% YoY. Certified by Samsung Display and LG Display, which commented: "The world’s second mass-produced PSPI, matching Ube Industries’ performance at 30% lower cost with delivery cycles cut to under 30 days."

· Official Accreditations: SEMI, SGS, UL, REACH, RoHS full certification; listed in global semiconductor display material recommended catalogs, South Korean KS certified.

2. YPI-200 (Yellow PI Slurry for OLED Substrates)

· Core Parameters: Solid content 20–25%, viscosity 5,000–8,000mPa·s, film formation uniformity ±2%

· Overseas Feedback: Core supplier for Tianma Microelectronics and Hehui Optoelectronics overseas flexible screen factories. 2025 export volume to Southeast Asian and European wearable device markets rose 40% YoY. Certified by Hyundai Display South Korea and AU Optronics Taiwan, which commented: "Film-forming and heat resistance match JSR Japan at 25% lower cost for flexible OLED substrates."

· Official Accreditations: ISO 9001, ISO 14001; EU CE and US FDA food contact certification (applicable to wearable devices).

3. PI-800 (Temporary Bonding Film for Semiconductor Packaging)

· Core Parameters: Adhesion ≥15MPa, heat resistance 220℃, residue-free peel-off

· Overseas Feedback: Supplier for JCET and Tongfu Microelectronics overseas OSAT factories. 2025 export value to global advanced packaging markets rose 48% YoY. Certified by Amkor US and ASE Taiwan, which commented: "Bonding stability and peel-off performance meet international standards at 28% lower cost for 2.5D/3D packaging."

· Official Accreditations: SEMI, UL, REACH; US EPA environmental compliance certified.

V. Taimide Technology: Leader in Specialized PI Tapes & Films

Core Positioning

Specializes in high-temperature PI tapes and battery packaging films, holding over 40% export market share for new energy vehicle PI tapes, a major global supplier of mid-to-low-end PI films.

Main Export Grades & Overseas Market Feedback

1. PI-Tape 300 (High-Temperature PI Tape for Battery Packaging & Wire Harness Fixing)

· Core Parameters: Heat resistance 260℃, peel strength ≥1.8N/mm, voltage resistance ≥5kV, thickness 25μm

· Overseas Feedback: Core supplier for CATL, BYD and Gotion High-Tech overseas battery packs. 2025 export value to Southeast Asian and European new energy vehicle markets rose 50% YoY. Certified by LG Energy Solution and SK On South Korea, which commented: "Excellent high-temperature insulation performance, priced 35% lower than Nitto Japan for battery pack packaging and wire harness fixing."

· Official Accreditations: UL 94 V-0, CE, RoHS, REACH; TÜV Rheinland German safety certification for new energy materials.

2. PI-900 (PI Separator Film for Batteries, Heat Resistance 250℃)

· Core Parameters: Pore size 0.1–0.5μm, porosity 40–50%, heat resistance 250℃, thermal shrinkage ≤1%

· Overseas Feedback: Supplier for EVE Energy and Farasis Energy overseas pouch battery factories. 2025 global pouch battery market export volume rose 38% YoY. Certified by SAFT France and A123 US, which commented: "Superior thermal stability vs. traditional polyolefin separators with 40% higher safety margins for high-energy-density batteries."

· Official Accreditations: UL 1642 battery safety, REACH, RoHS; EU ECE R100 electric vehicle safety certification.

3. PI-1000 (Standard Electronic-Grade PI Film for FPC Cover Layers)

· Core Parameters: Thickness 12.5–50μm, heat resistance 220℃, dielectric strength ≥120kV/mm

· Overseas Feedback: Core supplier for Southeast Asian FPC manufacturers including Vingroup Vietnam and Inari Malaysia. 70% of its total 2025 export volume targeted Southeast Asia. Clients commented: "Extreme cost performance, stable quality and fast delivery for mid-to-low-end FPC applications."

· Official Accreditations: SGS, UL, RoHS, REACH; Taiwan CQC and Vietnam QA certification.

VI. Summary of Core Export Advantages of Five Brands (Buyer Selection Reference)

表格

For more authentic, objective information on multiple leading Chinese PI brands, please contact HiSiaddi customer service.

PI: What Factors Should Buyers Consider When Purchasing Based on HiSiaddi’s Market Experience?

As a new-type foreign trade service provider driven by dual engines of technology commercialization and foreign trade services, HiSiaddi has established a "1+2+3+4=1" service system and can supply raw materials of PI from multiple well-known original manufacturers. As a research and development-oriented foreign trade service provider, HiSiaddi will analyze key purchasing considerations and critical indicators from a professional perspective to ease procurement concerns.

If you require more professional and in-depth analysis regarding PI selection, please contact HiSiaddi customer service.

I. General Core Global Procurement Considerations

(I) Synthetic Process and Grade Quality Baseline

The mainstream manufacturing process: Dianhydride and diamine monomers undergo low-temperature solution polycondensation to form polyamic acid (PAA), followed by high-temperature imidization ring closure to produce PI. Grades are classified based on monomer purity, imidization degree and post-modification processes:

1. High-purity Electronic & Semiconductor Grade (PAA precursor / casting film raw material): Adopts high-purity polymerized monomers (monomer purity ≥99.9%), polymerization in dust-free closed environments, multi-stage removal of trace residual monomers and free solvents, complete imidization, low ionic impurities (Na⁺/K⁺ ＜5ppm) and low volatile content. Suitable for chip carrier tapes, ultra-thin FCCL and OLED substrates, benchmarking imported raw materials from Ube Industries and Kaneka.

2. Aerospace & Military High-temperature Molding Grade: Thermoplastic homopolybenzene / biphenyl-type PI resin powder modified with graphite / glass fiber. Manufactured via continuous polymerization and high-temperature solid-phase ring closure, with heat deflection temperature over 350℃ and low-temperature resistance down to -270℃. Applied to aerospace structural parts and aerospace insulation components.

3. General Industrial Modified Grade: Polymerized with ordinary industrial-grade monomers and moderately filled with fillers at low cost, used for high-temperature pump valve gaskets, general motor insulation and high-temperature tooling fixtures.

4. Special Soluble PI Materials: Side-chain modified structures soluble in NMP/DMAC at room temperature, enabling low-temperature film forming without high-temperature imidization. Suitable for coatings and insulating impregnating liquids. Excessive residual monomers and inorganic ions will cause circuit board electric leakage, high-temperature foaming and insulation failure. Mixing with industrial-grade raw materials is strictly prohibited for electronic-grade products.

(II) Production Capacity and Annual Supply Stability

Major global production regions: DuPont (USA), Kaneka / Ube (Japan); a complete industrial chain has been localized in Jiangsu, Sichuan and Shanghai in China, with fully localized supporting upstream dianhydride and diamine monomers. Storage and transportation classification by form: ① PAA polyamic acid solution: Stored in airtight, light-proof containers at 5~25℃ low temperature; high temperature triggers premature self-imidization and gelation leading to scrapping. ② PI powder / pellets / films: Stored at normal temperature in dry warehouses away from moisture and strong light. Warehouse temperature and humidity control of suppliers is included in overseas customers’ factory audit items. Demand remains stable all year round with slight surges in new energy and semiconductor peak seasons. Long-term price-locking contracts, full-container shipments and small-batch trial combined shipments are available.

(III) Cross-border Compliance Access Qualifications

· EU: Full REACH registration, RoHS halogen-free control (restricting Pb, Cd and halogens), REACH-SVHC control;

· North America: TSCA inventory listing, FDA food contact certification (medical / food-grade PI);

· Aviation materials: AMS aviation material certification available on demand; Standard customs declaration documents include MSDS, TDS, single-batch COA and certificate of origin. Medical-grade products additionally require biocompatibility reports to avoid customs detention during chemical spot checks.

(IV) Comprehensive Full-chain Procurement Cost

1. Price gaps between grades: High-purity electronic semiconductor PI ＞ aerospace molding grade ＞ soluble coating grade ＞ general industrial modified grade; Price ranking by form: Precision PI films ＞ ultra-fine PI powder ＞ PI pellets ＞ PAA precursor solution. Raw material monomer purity and filler types directly determine selling prices.

2. Hidden costs: Gelation and scrapping of PAA solutions due to insufficient packaging tightness, wrinkling losses of films during storage and transportation; liquid products require explosion-proof chemical barrels, incurring additional hazardous chemical warehousing fees for sea freight. Calculate landed prices combining minimum order quantity, credit terms and customized modification fees.

(V) Customized Formulation Supporting Technical Services

· Chips / flexible circuits: Select low-ion high-purity PAA and ultra-thin cast PI raw materials;

· Aerospace components: Choose glass fiber / graphite reinforced modified molding compounds;

· Insulating coatings: Adopt soluble liquid PI. Customization options: Low-dielectric modification, thermal conductive modification, halogen-free flame-retardant grades, PAA solutions with customized solid content, customized film thickness (12.5μm~250μm). Supporting services include film forming processes, imidization heating curves and injection molding parameter guidance; sample development cycle is 4~7 working days.

(VI) Foreign Trade Cooperation Support

Multilingual support for grade selection, modification customization and order scheduling; batch-by-batch test reports covering GPC molecular weight, ion content and thermal performance; coordination with third-party cross-border inspections by SGS/Intertek; after-sales return and exchange support for unqualified products with gelation or poor heat resistance; separate warehouse combined shipments and phased sea freight for liquid and solid materials.

II. Exclusive Core Quality Control Indicators for Polyimide (PI)

(I) Basic Molecular and Formulation Grading Indicators

1. Molecular weight and distribution (GPC): Electronic-grade PAA features narrow molecular weight distribution with customizable molecular weight ranges; excessive molecular weight fluctuation causes film cracking during forming.

2. Imidization rate: Solid finished PI ≥98%; insufficient imidization leads to solvent release and foaming during high-temperature processing.

(II) Key Thermal Indicators

1. Tg glass transition temperature: Homopolybenzene-type PI ＞360℃, biphenyl-type PI ＞280℃;

2. 5% thermal decomposition temperature Td5%: All grades ≥520℃, industrial grade ≥480℃;

3. Coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE): Ultra-thin electronic films ≤20ppm/℃, high-end copper-clad laminate grade ≤12ppm/℃.

(III) Electrical Properties (Mandatory Inspection for Electronic Materials)

· Dielectric constant Dk (1MHz): 2.8~3.5; high-frequency low-loss grades can reach below 2.7;

· Volume resistivity ≥1×10¹⁶Ω·cm; breakdown voltage ＞120kV/mm.

(IV) Impurity Control (Frequent Customs Spot Check Item for Semiconductors)

1. Leachable metal ions Na/K/Ca ＜5ppm (electronic grade); industrial grade relaxed to ＜50ppm;

2. Residual NMP/DMAC solvent: Electronic grade ＜500ppm, complying with REACH limits;

3. Halogen content: Halogen-free grades Br/Cl ＜900ppm, meeting RoHS standards.

(V) Physical, Chemical and Appearance Acceptance Standards

1. PAA solution: Pale yellow to amber viscous liquid without gel lumps or precipitation; jelly-like gelation indicates product failure.

2. PI powder: Uniform yellowish-brown fine powder without agglomerates; PI film: Amber transparent / matte film free of pinholes, scratches and crystal spots.

(VI) Application Stability Indicators

1. Thermal stability: No decomposition or excessive weight loss under constant 300℃ long-term temperature exposure;

2. Chemical resistance: Insoluble and crack-free in strong acids, strong alkalis and organic solvents (non-soluble PI);

3. Storage stability: Viscosity increase of PAA sealed at low temperature for 6 months ≤10%.

(VII) Packaging, Storage and Transportation Specifications

1. PAA precursor liquid: Light-proof HDPE explosion-proof barrels, stored and transported at constant 5~25℃; freezing is strictly forbidden.

2. PI powder / pellets: Kraft drums lined with PE bags / aluminum foil vacuum bags; PI films: Sealed moisture-proof paper rolls. All products stored in cool, dry environments away from heat sources and strong acid solvents.

For more professional and in-depth analysis on PI selection, please contact HiSiaddi customer service.

The monthly inventory volume of PI is 10 tons, with appropriate adjustments upwards or downwards in response to peak and off-peak seasons.

HiSiaddi safeguards the supply stability of PI through the following measures:

1. Supply of one mainstream PI model by 3 premium factories

(1) Performance evaluation and screening of PI brand factories based on on-time delivery rate, batch pass rate, timeliness of risk alerts, and completeness of documentation to assess their supply stability.

(2) For each mainstream model or major grade of PI, secure 1 primary high-quality brand manufacturer and 2 backup high-quality manufacturers.

(3) Each factory operates independent production lines in separate production zones to prevent production halts caused by major unforeseen incidents such as environmental production suspensions and power outages.

2. Technological transformation partnerships and long-term sales binding for PI

Through long-term cooperation with brand manufacturers via technology commercialization and authorized distribution channels, HiSiaddi can effectively strengthen supervision over the production processes of brand manufacturers, optimize full-process traceability management, improve batch stability control, and further reinforce real-time monitoring of the supply stability of PI products.

Long-term Annual Framework Supply Guarantee Agreement. HiSiaddi signs 12-month long-term agreements with leading manufacturers. The agreements specify the minimum guaranteed supply volume, maximum price hike range, and priority production scheduling rights during peak seasons. It is stipulated that manufacturers shall issue a 30-day prior written notice if production is suspended due to environmental rectification or equipment maintenance, and backup manufacturers will be activated to replenish goods accordingly.

3. 4 warehouses and 10 peak & off-peak demand forecasting

We have 4 warehouses, which are jointly operated and managed with suppliers to store hot-selling products.The four warehouses are located at Qingdao Port in North China, Ningbo Port in East China, Shenzhen Port in South China, and Zhengzhou, China’s inland logistics hub. This setup guarantees sufficient supply and timely shipment of PI during peak seasons.

HiSiaddi issues a rolling demand forecast covering the subsequent three months on the 25th of each month, allowing manufacturers to reserve production capacity in accordance with the forecast. Any new urgent orders from overseas clients will be prioritized to draw on inventories or production capacity from backup manufacturers.

4. Multi-channel logistics to resolve vessel congestion and inspection delays for PI sea and land shipments

Unstable logistics for PI will extend delivery lead times. HiSiaddi has established alternative arrangements covering multiple freight forwarders, ports and transportation solutions:

(1) Binding of multiple professional chemical freight forwarders for PI

Each product is assigned 2 to 3 freight forwarders with hazardous chemical/food transport qualifications affiliated with different shipping lines. Alternative sailing schedules can be switched to immediately in case of space shortages or customs inspections on a single shipping route.

(2) Backup transportation solutions for PI

Ocean freight serves as the standard mode; air freight and rail freight are reserved as alternatives for urgent orders. Long-term agreements for temperature-controlled containers are signed for temperature-sensitive and perishable food additives to secure shipping space.

(3) Visual tracking and digital early warning for PI

Freight forwarders synchronize daily updates on container loading, customs declaration, vessel loading and port arrival milestones. If customs inspection occurs, replenishment from backup inventory will be initiated immediately to shorten client waiting periods.

Full-chain digital early warning automatically monitors four categories of risks:

• Factory side: Expiring supplier environmental assessment certificates, renewal of production permits, scheduled major equipment overhauls, and notifications of price hikes for upstream raw materials;

• Inventory side: Inventory falling below safety thresholds, excessive inventory age, and batches failing quality inspection;

• Logistics side: Shipping line space shortages, strikes at destination ports, and updates to customs policies;

• Overseas side: Revisions to additive regulations and adjustments to import restriction lists in target countries.

Early warning notifications are automatically pushed to procurement and business leads, allowing backup suppliers or inventory contingency plans to be activated in advance.